Biomaterials in Dentistry addresses the use of implantable materials in dental and bone tissues for patient treatment and rehabilitation. This study includes an in-depth understanding of the properties and characteristics of different types of biomaterials, such as metals, ceramics, and polymers, and how to maximize the performance and biocompatibility of these materials in the dental and bone environment. In this subfield, focus is given to the latest technologies in the development of biomaterials and their applications in dental care. These include the maintenance of dental health, replacement of missing teeth, and orthodontic treatment. Dentists who understand and master this biomaterial science can design more effective and safe treatments for their patients. This study equips students with in-depth knowledge of the types of biomaterials available and their potential in the context of dentistry. They learn to select and design the most appropriate biomaterial application for each clinical case. In the rapid development of medical technology, an understanding of biomaterials and the ability to apply them effectively is key to providing the best possible care to patients.

Oral Biology in Dentistry is a branch of science that explores the complex interactions between living organisms and the oral and dental environment. This study includes an in-depth understanding of the normal microbiota in the oral cavity, the pathogenesis of infection, and the complex interactions between microorganisms and soft and hard tissues in the mouth. The main focus of this subfield is to understand and analyze the role of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, in oral health and disease. Students learn how these microorganisms can affect the balance of the oral ecosystem, trigger oral diseases such as dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis, and contribute to the development of systemic health problems. In addition, Oral Biology also considers other important factors that play a role in oral health, such as nutrition, lifestyle, and genetic factors. Students learn how proper nutrition, eating behaviors, and healthy living habits affect dental health, and how genetic factors play a role in an individual's predisposition to certain oral diseases.

Immunology in Dentistry plays an important role in understanding the immune system's response to diseases and oral health conditions. This study includes an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of the immune system, including how the immune system recognizes and responds to pathogens and how disorders of the immune system can affect oral and dental health. One aspect emphasized in this subfield is how the immune system responds to microbial infections in the oral cavity, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Students learn how these immune responses affect the health of teeth and surrounding tissues, and how immunological mechanisms can be used in the development of prevention and treatment strategies for periodontal disease, dental caries, stomatitis, and other oral diseases. In addition, Immunology in Dentistry also involves the study of how systemic diseases, such as diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and autoimmune diseases, can affect oral health. Students understand the complex relationship between the immune system and these diseases, opening up opportunities for holistic treatment that takes into account both oral and systemic health conditions simultaneously.

Genetics in Dentistry plays a role in understanding the contribution of genes and genetic changes to oral and dental health and disease. These studies include an in-depth understanding of the genetic factors that influence an individual's susceptibility to various oral and dental diseases, such as caries, malocclusion, periodontal disease, and various other disorders. One important focus in this subfield is the identification and characterization of genetic polymorphisms associated with the risk and progression of dental diseases. Students learn how individual genetic variations can influence responses to the external environment, such as diet, smoking habits, and oral hygiene, thereby affecting the risk of disease occurrence. The latest technology in genetic analysis is also an integral part of this study. Students understand and practice cutting-edge techniques such as DNA sequencing, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, and other genomic methods to identify correlations between genes and oral and dental diseases.

Pharmacology in Dentistry plays a role in preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases and conditions of oral and dental health. The study brings an in-depth understanding of various drugs, including their properties, mechanism of action, interaction with the human body, appropriate dosage, and possible side effects. This subfield focuses on the application of drugs in oral health care. Students study various drugs used to treat oral and dental health problems, such as antibiotics to treat dental infections, analgesics to reduce post-procedure pain, and anti-inflammatories to treat gum inflammation. It is important to understand how these drugs interact with the human body, especially if the patient has a history of taking other drugs or certain medical conditions. The latest technology is also a focus of this study, especially when it comes to developing new drugs that are more effective and safer. Students understand how pharmaceutical research is constantly evolving to identify new molecules that can be used in the treatment of oral and dental diseases. In clinical practice, an in-depth understanding of pharmacology allows dentists to select medications that are appropriate for the patient's condition and needs. For example, patients with a history of allergies or certain medical conditions may require special consideration in drug selection. Students are also taught to consider the correct dosage and avoid drug interactions that may harm the patient.

Gnatology in Dentistry is a discipline that focuses on the study of the functions, interactions, and disorders of the orofacial musculoskeletal system, which includes the teeth, jaws, and facial muscles. It explores in depth how these complex structures work together to perform vital functions such as chewing food, speaking, swallowing, and carrying out facial expressions. One of the key aspects studied is how the upper and lower jaws work together during daily activities, especially in chewing food. It is important to understand the interaction between the teeth, muscles, and temporomandibular joint to identify and analyze functional and aesthetic conditions of the orofacial system. In this context, the role of the gnatologist is vital to help understand, diagnose, and plan treatment for disorders such as malocclusion (teeth misalignment), bruxism (teeth grinding), and temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). Gnatology also looks at the aesthetic aspects of the orofacial system, including its relationship with function. The beauty of a smile and facial expression is greatly influenced by the optimal function of the teeth, jaws, and facial muscles. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of gnatology allows dentists to plan treatments that not only restore orofacial function but also improve facial aesthetics.

Epidemiology in Dentistry is a discipline that studies the spread, prevalence, and risk factors of oral and dental diseases and conditions in human populations. It closely examines how dental diseases spread in society, the frequency of occurrence of dental health conditions, and the factors that contribute to their spread. An in-depth understanding of survey methods and data analysis is key in dental epidemiology. They learn techniques to collect valid data, analyze the data, and then draw conclusions that are useful for understanding dental disease trends and identifying areas of risk. By applying this knowledge, dentists can predict and understand patterns of dental disease, allowing for more effective intervention planning. The role of epidemiology in Dentistry also includes the development and implementation of dental disease prevention programs in the community. This includes using the latest technology to improve dental health education, conduct immunization campaigns, and promote healthy behaviors that contribute to oral and dental health. Dentists who understand epidemiology can make a more significant contribution in planning and implementing appropriate and effective preventive measures.